Toggle Location Modal

Peripheral Angioplasty & Stenting - Procedure, Risks, Results

Medically Reviewed by
Dr. Bikram Kesharee Mohanty
Peripheral Angioplasty & Stenting

Treatment Duration

clock

60 Minutes

------ To ------

180 Minutes

Treatment Cost

rupee

1,35,000

------ To ------

4,10,000

WhatsApp Expert
Peripheral Angioplasty & Stenting
Medically Reviewed by Dr. Bikram Kesharee Mohanty Written by Sparshi Srivastava

Book Appointment for Peripheral Angioplasty & Stenting

According to a study by Khanna et al., 2023, the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in India varies from 7.6% to 26.7%. It is caused by narrowing arteries in the arms or legs, and effective treatments are needed to enhance blood flow.  Peripheral angioplasty is one such procedure that restores circulation and reduces symptoms.  

Early intervention can prevent more serious complications like stroke or amputation. The blog discusses peripheral angioplasty indications, the procedure, benefits, complications, and more. Continue reading to find out. 

Procedure Name 

Peripheral angioplasty and stenting 

Alternative Name 

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty - peripheral artery, balloon angioplasty - peripheral artery 

Conditions Treated 

Peripheral arterial disease 

Benefits of Procedure 

Shorter hospital stay, quicker recovery, less muscle damage 

Treated By 

Vascular surgeons, interventional cardiologists 

What is peripheral angioplasty and stenting?

Peripheral angioplasty and stenting are minimally invasive treatments for narrowed or blocked peripheral arteries in the legs or arms. The surgery involves inflating a balloon to widen the artery. Next, a stent (a small, metal mesh tube) is placed to keep the artery open.

Conditions Treated With Peripheral Angioplasty

Peripheral angioplasty is primarily used to treat peripheral artery disease (PAD). It occurs when the arteries farthest from the heart, like those in the arms and legs, become narrowed or blocked by plaque. This phenomenon of fat accumulation, known as atherosclerosis, can reduce blood flow to the limbs. 

Angioplasty helps restore the flow of blood through these arteries.

Who needs peripheral angioplasty?

Lifestyle modifications and medications are usually the primary treatments for peripheral artery disease. If non-invasive treatments fail to offer relief, doctors may recommend a surgical procedure. Peripheral angioplasty indications are as follows: 

  1. Claudication (leg pain or cramps during walking or exercise) that interferes with daily activities.

  2. Persistent skin ulcers or wounds on the leg.

  3. Infection or gangrene (tissue death due to lack of blood flow) on the leg.

Calculate Surgery Cost
Calculate Insurance Coverage

Peripheral Angioplasty Procedure

Peripheral angioplasty and stenting take 1-3 hours, depending on the number of blockages treated. Patients are awake during the procedure as it is performed under local anaesthesia. The steps involved are as follows: 

  1. The procedure begins with a small incision in the groyne or hip to access an artery.

  2. A catheter (a flexible, thin tube) is inserted through the incision into the artery. It is carefully guided to the site of the blockage, using real-time X-ray imaging for precision.

  3. A small balloon attached to the catheter tip is inflated. It helps compress the plaque against the artery walls, widening the artery to improve blood flow.

  4. The surgeon places a stent at the blockage site to keep the artery open. It expands as the balloon inflates. 

  5. Once the stent is in place, the balloon and catheter are removed. 

  6. The incision site is closed and bandaged.

Benefits of Peripheral Angioplasty

Peripheral angioplasty is minimally invasive and prevents the need for complex procedures like bypass surgery. It offers various benefits over traditional surgical approaches for treating peripheral arterial disease. These include: 

  1. A small puncture, avoiding the need for long incisions 

  2. Minimises damage to muscle and surrounding tissue 

  3. Shorter hospital stays (most individuals can return home within a day)

  4. Quick recovery times, allowing for a return to normal activities in a week

Before and on the Day of Peripheral Angioplasty

Preparing for peripheral angioplasty requires knowing the necessary steps before and on the day of the procedure to ensure positive results. Patients should adhere strictly to their doctor’s guidance.

Before Peripheral Angioplasty

This preparation is important to make sure that the patient is ready for the treatment. It involves the following steps: 

Parameters 

Pre-requisites 

Pre-op Assessment 

  1. Blood tests 

  2. Ultrasound or CT scan 

  3. Peripheral angiogram 

Risk Evaluation 

  1. Allergies 

  2. Surgery benefits vs risks 

Fasting 

6-8 hours before surgery 

Restrictions 

Smoking, blood-thinning medications two weeks before surgery

Anaesthesia Selection 

Local 


On the Day of Peripheral Angioplasty 

Patients arrive at the hospital or clinic, where final checks are performed before the procedure. They can expect the following on the day of the surgery: 

Parameters 

Pre-requisites 

Consent 

Mandatory 

Surgical Preparation 

  1. Changing into a hospital gown 

  2. Cleaning the surgical site 

Physical Evaluation 

Vitals check-up 

IV Line 

Yes 

Risks and Complications of Peripheral Angioplasty

Angioplasty, like any surgery, has its risks. However, peripheral angioplasty complications are relatively rare, occurring in about 1-2% of cases. Potential risks include:

  1. Bleeding 

  2. Blood clots  

  3. Rupture or damage to the artery

  4. Re-narrowing of the artery  

  5. Allergic reaction to dye 

  6. Infection 

When to call a doctor?

After peripheral angioplasty, it is important to know when to seek medical advice. Prompt communication can address complications early and ensure a smooth recovery. Patients should contact their doctor if they experience the following:

  1. Increasing pain, swelling, redness, or bleeding at the catheter insertion site

  2. Signs of infection, like fever or discharge from the insertion site

  3. Changes in the colour, temperature, or sensation in the limb that was treated

  4. Excessive swelling in the legs 

  5. Shortness of breath or chest pain 

  6. Dizziness or fainting 

  7. Coughing up blood 

  8. Weakness, slurred speech, or inability to get out of bed

After Peripheral Angioplasty and Recovery

Patients may experience bruising or soreness at the incision site for the first few days post-procedure. It may take six to eight weeks to recover fully. During this time, individuals should follow these instructions for recovery: 

Recovery in Hospital 

Depending on their condition, patients can return home the same day or may need to stay in the hospital for two days or less. Here’s what one can expect in the hospital: 

  1. The patient will be moved to a recovery room where a nurse will monitor their vital signs like breathing, blood pressure, heart rate, etc. 

  2. Once their condition stabilises, they will be shifted to a general ward or private room. 

  3. The doctor may prescribe medications to manage pain and infections. 

  4. Patients will be able to walk 6-8 hours after surgery. 

At-home Recovery 

Before discharge, the doctor will provide various instructions regarding recovery at home. These self-care guidelines are as follows: 

  1. Keep the wound clean and dry to prevent infection.

  2. Walk 3 to 4 times a day for short distances on a flat surface.

  3. Limit climbing up and down the stairs to two times a day for 2-3 days after the procedure.

  4. Do not drive, play sports, or engage in yard work for at least two days or as advised by the doctor. 

  5. When resting, patients should keep their legs raised above the heart level.

  6. Take prescribed medications to prevent blood clots and manage other conditions like high blood pressure or cholesterol.

First Follow-Up Appointment 

After peripheral angioplasty, follow-up appointments will be scheduled every three months for a year. It helps monitor recovery and ensure the long-term success of the procedure. These visits include the following: 

  1. The doctor assesses the healing of the catheter insertion site and addresses any immediate complications.

  2. Diagnostic tests like ultrasound or angiography are performed to visualise blood flow.

  3. They inquire about the symptoms the patient has experienced since the procedure.

  4. Medications prescribed post-surgery are reviewed.

Risks of Delaying Peripheral Angioplasty

Delaying peripheral angioplasty when it is recommended can lead to several complications in people with peripheral artery disease. These include: 

  1. Compromised blood circulation can lead to wounds that heal slowly or not at all.

  2. Pain or discomfort in the affected limb can severely limit mobility and negatively impact quality of life.

  3. Individuals with PVD who do not get treatment are three times more likely to experience a stroke.

  4. The risk of amputation (losing a limb) increases in case of gangrene as blood flow continues to diminish without intervention.

Cost of Peripheral Angioplasty 

The peripheral angioplasty cost in India varies widely depending on several factors. It generally ranges between ₹ 1,35,000 and ₹ 4,10,000. The average price of the procedure is ₹ 3,30,000. 

Procedure Name 

Estimated Cost Range 

Peripheral Angioplasty and Stenting 

₹ 1,35,000 - ₹ 4,10,000

Note: These expenses are approximate. Patients should talk to HexaHealth consultants for accurate costs. 

Factors that influence the price of a peripheral angioplasty procedure include:

  1. Hospital Location: Facilities in metropolitan areas or those with specialised vascular departments may charge more than those in smaller cities or rural areas.

  2. Surgeon’s Expertise: Highly experienced surgeons charge a higher fee for their services. 

  3. Material Costs: The price of medical supplies, including the catheters and stents, can impact the total expense.

  4. Pre- and Post-Procedure Care: Costs associated with diagnostic tests, follow-up visits, and rehabilitation can contribute to the final bill.

  5. Insurance: The extent of insurance coverage can significantly affect patient expenditure.

Takeaway

Peripheral angioplasty is a crucial, minimally invasive procedure for those suffering from peripheral artery disease. It offers significant improvements in blood flow and quality of life. The procedure reduces symptoms like leg pain and increases mobility, with a relatively low risk of complications. 

For those who want to understand peripheral angioplasty indications, HexaHealth offers comprehensive support and guidance. Our team also helps you find the best doctors and hospitals to undergo successful procedures. Contact us today to get assistance throughout your angioplasty surgery, from hospital admissions to postoperative recovery.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Peripheral angioplasty and stenting are medical procedures used to open narrowed or blocked arteries outside the heart, often in the legs or arms. They involve the use of a balloon and stent to improve blood flow.

WhatsApp

Peripheral angioplasty and stenting are performed using imaging guidance under local anaesthesia. The steps of the procedure are as follows: 

  1. A catheter is threaded into an artery through a small incision and guided to the blockage.

  2. The surgeon inflates a balloon to widen the artery.

  3. A stent is placed to keep the artery open.

WhatsApp

Peripheral angioplasty alleviates symptoms of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD), such as leg pain and cramping. By restoring blood circulation in the affected areas, it improves mobility and prevents complications like limb loss.

WhatsApp

Peripheral angioplasty offers various benefits compared to surgical alternatives. These include: 

  1. Minimally invasive, requiring a small puncture 

  2. Reduces muscle damage 

  3. Shorter hospital stays 

  4. Quicker recovery 

  5. Fewer complications

WhatsApp

Though rare, there are some risks associated with the procedure. Peripheral angioplasty complications include: 

  1. Bleeding at the catheter insertion site 

  2. Blood clots 

  3. Infection 

  4. Artery damage 

  5. Re-narrowing of the treated artery

WhatsApp

Peripheral angioplasty involves inflating a balloon inside an artery to widen it. Stenting goes a step further by placing a mesh tube to keep the artery open after the balloon is removed. 

WhatsApp

Vascular surgeons perform peripheral angioplasty and stenting. They utilise their specialised training in managing blood vessel conditions through minimally invasive techniques.

WhatsApp

The duration of a peripheral angioplasty and stenting procedure can vary, but it generally takes 1 to 3 hours. It depends on the complexity of the blockages and the number of arteries being treated.

WhatsApp

Recovery time after peripheral angioplasty and stenting is relatively short. Many patients are able to walk within 6-8 hours and most return to normal activities within a week. However, full recovery can take about six to eight weeks. 

WhatsApp

During recovery, patients can expect some bruising or soreness at the catheter insertion site. Doctors will provide some instructions, which include the following: 

  1. Avoid going up and down the stairs for 2-3 days.

  2. Walk for short distances on flat surfaces.

  3. Take prescribed medications to prevent blood clots and aid healing.

WhatsApp

Patients can usually return to normal activities within a week after peripheral angioplasty. However, they should follow their doctor’s specific recommendations.

WhatsApp

Yes, it is common to experience some pain after surgery. Patients may also feel some discomfort at the insertion site, which is normal. However, they will be given pain medication to help manage it. 

WhatsApp

After peripheral angioplasty, it is important to take certain precautions for successful recovery. These include: 

  1. Avoiding climbing stairs 

  2. Monitoring the catheter insertion area for signs of infection 

  3. Taking prescribed medications to prevent blood clots 

  4. Attending follow-up appointments

WhatsApp

The initial success rate of peripheral angioplasty is about 90%. Many patients experience significant improvement in blood flow and relief from symptoms of peripheral artery disease. 

WhatsApp

A stent is often required for blockages that are 70% or greater. However, the decision is based on the specific circumstances and location of the blockage.

WhatsApp

Peripheral angioplasty is considered safe with a low risk of complications (1-2%). Like all medical procedures, it carries some risk. However, advancements in techniques and technology have made it a reliable option for treating peripheral artery disease.

WhatsApp

Peripheral artery stents are permanent. However, the arteries can re-narrow over time, a condition known as restenosis. Lifestyle changes and medication can help extend the effectiveness of stents.

WhatsApp

The peripheral angioplasty cost can range between ₹ 1,35,000 and ₹ 4,10,000, depending on factors like the type of stent used, the surgeon’s expertise, and the geographic location. However, these prices are estimates. Patients should consult HexaHealth experts for up-to-date expenses. 

WhatsApp

Yes, peripheral angioplasty is covered under health insurance. However, coverage can vary based on the policy and provider. HexaHealth can help patients understand their coverage details and any potential out-of-pocket costs.

WhatsApp

Alternative treatments for peripheral angioplasty and stenting include lifestyle changes and medication management. For more severe cases, bypass surgery may be considered. 

WhatsApp

References

All the articles on HexaHealth are supported by verified medically-recognized sources such as; peer-reviewed academic research papers, research institutions, and medical journals. Our medical reviewers also check references of the articles to prioritize accuracy and relevance. Refer to our detailed editorial policy for more information.


  1. Khanna NN, Krishna V, Manjunath CN, Tyagi S, Jindal R, Chadha M, et al. The Indian Consensus Statement for the Management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease. JOURNAL OF INDIAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY [Internet]. 2023 Aug 1 [cited 2024 Feb 13];13(Special Suppl 1):S1.link
  2. Krans B. Peripheral Artery Angioplasty and Stent Placement [Internet]. Healthline. Healthline Media; 2012. link
  3. Angioplasty and stent placement - peripheral arteries: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [Internet]. Medlineplus.gov. 2019.link
  4. Contributors WE. When Is Surgery Used in Peripheral Artery Disease? [Internet]. WebMD. [cited 2024 Mar 21].link
  5. Peripheral Angioplasty & Stenting | MemorialCare [Internet]. www.memorialcare.org. [cited 2024 Apr 15].link
  6. Angioplasty and stent placement - peripheral arteries - discharge Information | Mount Sinai - New York [Internet]. Mount Sinai Health System.link
  7. Peripheral Angioplasty and Stenting | Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) | MedStar Health [Internet]. www.medstarhealth.org. [cited 2024 Apr 15].link
  8. Angioplasty and Stenting - Vascular Society [Internet]. www.vascularsociety.org.uk.link
  9. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Peripheral Vascular Disease [Internet]. John Hopkins Medicine. 2019.link
  10. Sherif’ M. Angioplasty and stenting for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limbs [Internet]. www.escardio.org. link
  11. Do Stents Ever Need to be Replaced? [Internet]. Healthline. 2021.link
  12. NHS Choices. Treatment - Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) [Internet]. NHS. 2020.link

Last Updated on: 5 June 2024

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational and learning purposes only. It doesn't cover every medical condition and might not be relevant to your personal situation. This information isn't medical advice, isn't meant for diagnosing any condition, and shouldn't replace talking to a certified medical or healthcare professional.

Reviewer

Dr. Bikram Kesharee Mohanty

Dr. Bikram Kesharee Mohanty

MBBS, MS General Surgery, DNB Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery

31 Years Experience

Dr Bikram Kesharee Mohanty is a well-known Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgeon currently associated with the Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research and National Heart Institute, New Delhi.

He has 31 years...View More

Author

Sparshi Srivastava

Sparshi Srivastava

B.Tech Biotechnology (Bansal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Lucknow)

2 Years Experience

An ardent reader, graduated in B.Tech Biotechnology. She was previously associated with medical sciences secondary research and writing. With a keen interest and curiosity-driven approach, she has been able to cont...View More

Book Appointment for Peripheral Angioplasty & Stenting

get the appget the app