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Difference between Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery

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Medically Reviewed by Dr. Priyanka Sharma
Written by Rajath R Prabhu, last updated on 31 March 2023| min read
Difference between Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery

Quick Summary

  • Plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery are often used interchangeably, but there is a difference between the two.
  • Plastic surgery is surgery that is performed to reconstruct or repair a part of the body. This can include surgery to repair a birth defect, injury, or disease. Cosmetic surgery is surgery that is performed to improve the appearance of a part of the body. This can include surgery to change the shape of the nose, breasts, or other parts of the body.
  • Both plastic and cosmetic surgery can be performed by a plastic surgeon. However, it is important to understand the difference between the two before you decide to have surgery.

You have undoubtedly heard about some famous Hollywood and Bollywood stars undergoing plastic and cosmetic surgery to delay ageing or to enhance their appearance, e.g., to enhance jawlines, fix the nose, etc. Kylie Jenner, Jennifer Aniston, and even Jennifer Lopez have all undergone surgeries to enhance their beauty. This leaves us with the question of whether they had plastic or cosmetic surgery. Many of us wish to change a thing or two about our bodies to enhance our appearance. But we often get confused about what surgery we need. Should you be doing plastic or cosmetic surgery?

Further, this leaves us with the thought that is plastic and cosmetic surgery the same. If you are wondering, ‘what is the difference between plastic and cosmetic surgery,’ keep reading to understand the difference.

What are plastic and cosmetic surgery?

The term plastic surgery comes from the Greek word ‘plastikos,’ which means to mould or form. This is the same reason why plastic got its name. Plastic surgery is a type of surgery that changes one’s appearance and ability to function. It has a broad category of procedures involving reconstructive and cosmetic surgery.

Reconstructive procedures help restore the body’s appearance and function after an illness, injury, or congenital condition—E.g., ear deformity, cleft lip, injury (burns), etc. Cosmetic procedures, on the other hand, also called aesthetic procedures, modify the body part that a person dislikes or is unsatisfied with. The purpose of cosmetic surgery is to enhance one’s appearance. E.g., rhinoplasty (reshaping the nose), liposuction (removing fat from a particular area), face sculpting, etc.

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Differences between Plastic and Cosmetic surgery

Plastic and cosmetic surgery are closely related specialities, but they are not the same. Let’s understand in greater detail what the differences are. 

  1. Plastic and cosmetic surgery have different goals. While both aim to improve a person’s body, their research, training, and plans for patient outcomes are additional for both plastic and cosmetic surgery.
  2. Plastic surgery focuses on repairing defects to restore the appearance and normal function, whereas cosmetic surgery focuses on enhancing appearance. The table below gives examples of the same.
Types of plastic surgery procedure Types of cosmetic surgery procedure
Congenital disability repair (cleft palate, extremity defect repair) Facial contouring (Cheek, chin, or nose enhancement)
Breast reconstruction Breast enhancement (breast reduction, breast augmentation, breast lift)
Burn repair surgery Skin rejuvenation (Botox, laser resurfacing)
Lower extremity reconstruction Facial rejuvenation  (facelift, brow lift)
Scar revision surgery Body contouring (liposuction, tummy tuck)

Difference between Plastic surgery and Cosmetic surgery

Points Plastic surgery Cosmetic surgery
Goals It is an emergency procedure to restore the body’s appearance and function after an illness, injury, or congenital condition. It is an elective surgery to enhance appearance.
Education
  1. 10+2 from the science stream (biology, physics, and mathematics).
  2. MBBS (5 and ½ years)
  3. Masters in plastic surgery (M.S.) for two years

 

  1. 10+2 from the science stream (biology, physics, and mathematics). 
  2. MBBS
  3. Residency program training in cosmetic surgery 
  4. License for practising as a cosmetic surgeon by National board examination
Types of Surgery Burn repair, congenital disability repair, scar revision surgery, etc. Skin rejuvenation, facial contouring, body contouring, etc.
Insurance Medical insurance covers plastic surgery. Medical insurance does not cover cosmetic surgery.
Anaesthesia, stitches, etc. Plastic surgeries involve anaesthesia, incisions (cuts), stitches, etc. Some cosmetic surgeries are not even surgeries and do not involve incisions and stitches. E.g., a special laser used to get rid of unwanted hair.

Is plastic and cosmetic surgery the right choice?

Reconstructive surgery helps to repair defects. But what about people who want cosmetic surgery to enhance their appearance? Is having cosmetic surgery a good idea? These decisions can make a massive impact on your life. Cosmetic surgery is unlikely to affect your life functionally.

However, the decision to have cosmetic surgery is personal. If you are considering cosmetic surgery, take your time to decide. Ensure that what you do is suitable for you and not under pressure. It is essential to talk about it with your family and doctor. Understand the pros and cons of cosmetic surgery and discuss your expectations clearly with your doctor to have a successful cosmetic surgery.

How are plastic and cosmetic surgeries interrelated?

The steps involved in both types of surgeries, which are plastic and cosmetic, are usually similar. However, some cosmetic surgeries do not need incisions and stitches. Most plastic and cosmetic surgeries involve anaesthesia, stitches, etc. 

  1. A cosmetic surgeon is required in a case like a girl who wishes to enlarge their breasts for cosmetic reasons. However, when in some cases, one breast has not developed, or there is a vast size difference between both breasts, a plastic surgeon may be approached. 
  2. Doctors who perform plastic and cosmetic surgeries ensure that their patients can handle and understand the stress of surgery.
  3. The surgeon will only perform specific procedures like rhinoplasty once they make sure that the person is old enough for the surgery (for girls: age 15 or 16; for boys: 16 or 17). This is because, after puberty, the body undergoes significant physical transformation.
  4. It is recommended to wait for the body to complete its natural course and then make any surgical changes.

Conclusion

You may need plastic surgery or want cosmetic surgery. If you are considering surgery, talk to your family and doctor. Think about it, gather detailed information on both the procedures and most importantly, understand if you want to do it. Have an explicit knowledge of the expected surgery results and discuss your expectations with your surgeon before surgery. 

Now you know the difference between plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery. If you have any questions about plastic and cosmetic surgery, the best plastic/cosmetic surgeon near you, or any other questions, feel free to contact our care team at HexaHealth. Our expert team will guide you briefly and solve all your doubts. You can also visit HexaHealth for detailed information on plastic and cosmetic surgery procedures.

Frequently Asked Questions

There are a few differences between plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery. Plastic and cosmetic surgery have different goals. While both plastic and cosmetic surgery aim to improve a person’s body, plastic surgery restores appearances while cosmetic surgery enhances them.

Cosmetic surgery is a type of plastic surgery. Plastic surgery involves various procedures involving reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. Cosmetic surgery (aesthetic procedures) aids in modifying the body part that a person dislikes or is unsatisfied with. The primary purpose of cosmetic surgery is to enhance one’s appearance.

Plastic and cosmetic surgery are closely related specialities, but they are not the same. Plastic surgeons focus on repairing defects to reconstruct the appearance and normal function, whereas cosmetic surgeons focus on enhancing appearance.

Cosmetic surgeons have graduated with MBBS and M.S. in plastic surgery. In contrast, cosmetic surgeons have graduated with MBBS, residency program training in cosmetic surgery, and obtained licenses for practising as cosmetic surgeons from the National Board of Examination.

Plastic surgery aids in restoring the body’s appearance and function after an injury,  illness, or congenital condition. Surgeries that fall under plastic surgery are breast reconstruction, scar revision surgery, burn repair surgery, genetic disability repair, lower extremity reconstruction, etc.

Cosmetic procedures (aesthetic procedures) help to modify the body part that a person dislikes or is unsatisfied with. Surgeries covered under cosmetic surgery include facial contouring, facial rejuvenation, breast enhancement, body contouring, skin rejuvenation, etc.

Reconstructive surgery corrects physical defects to restore normal function. Reconstructive surgery includes correction of congenital disabilities (ear deformities, cleft lip, cleft palate), injuries (burns, dog bites, breast reconstruction after breast cancer), etc.

Aesthetic and cosmetic surgery are the same. Both help to enhance the appearance of a body part that a person dislikes. E.g., liposuction (removing fat from a particular area), rhinoplasty (reshaping the nose), etc.

For plastic surgery board certification, you must complete 10+2 from the science stream (biology, physics, and chemistry), MBBS, and MS in plastic surgery. For cosmetic surgery board certification, you need to complete 10+2 from the science stream (biology, physics, and chemistry), MBBS, residency program training in cosmetic surgery, and a license for practising as a cosmetic surgeon by the National board examination.

The need for a plastic or cosmetic surgeon entirely depends on your goal. For example, if you want to correct any physical defect since birth or due to an injury, you need a plastic surgeon. You must consult a cosmetic surgeon if you wish to enhance your appearance and modify a body part because you are dissatisfied with how it looks. 

Last Updated on: 31 March 2023

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational and learning purposes only. It doesn't cover every medical condition and might not be relevant to your personal situation. This information isn't medical advice, isn't meant for diagnosing any condition, and shouldn't replace talking to a certified medical or healthcare professional.

Reviewer

Dr. Priyanka Sharma

Dr. Priyanka Sharma

MBBS, DNB Plastic Surgery

14 Years Experience

Dr Priyanka Sharma is a well-known Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeon associated with HealthPort Clinic in Delhi. She has 14 years of experience in Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic surgery and worked as an expert Plastic,...View More

Author

Rajath R Prabhu

Rajath R Prabhu

MSc. Clinical Research I PG Diploma in Public Health Services Management

3 Years Experience

His work in medical content writing and proofreading is noteworthy. He has also contributed immensely to public health research and has authored four scientific manuscripts in international journals. He was assoc...View More

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